As we mentioned in the previous lesson, all Hebrew verbs consist of a 3 or 4 letter root called a shoresh (שורש) and are conjugated according to specific patterns called binyanim (בִּנְיָנִים) where vowels, prefixes and suffixes are added to the root.
In the Hebrew language, there are seven basic binyanim as illustrated below:
| root : פעל | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active voice | reflexive | passive voice | ||||
| פָּעַל pa'al | פִּעֵל pi'el | הִפְעִיל hif'il | הִתְפַּעֵל hitpa'el | הֻפְעַל huf'al | פֻּעַל pu'al | נִפְעַל nif'al |
| causative | ||||||
| intensive | ||||||
| simple | ||||||
Present Tense:
A Hebrew verb in the present tense (הוֹוֶה, hove) agrees with its subject in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural):
| Form | Root | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | F | M | F | |||
| pa'al | שׁמר | שׁוֹמֵר | שׁוֹמֶ֫רֶת | שׁוֹמְרִים | שׁוֹמְרוֹת | Guards |
| shomer | shomeret | shomrim | shomrot | |||
| pi'el | גדל | מְגַדֵּל | מְגַדֶּלֶת | מְגַדְּלִים | מְגַדְּלוֹת | Raises, grows (something) |
| meɡaˈdel | meɡaˈdelet | meɡadˈlim | meɡadˈlot | |||
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